Sunburn

Sunburn is a condition that occurs when the skin is overexposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or other sources, such as tanning beds. Sunburn is characterized by red, painful skin that is often accompanied by swelling, blistering, and peeling. Sunburn is most common in the summer months, but can occur at any time of year, especially at high altitudes or in areas with high levels of UV radiation.

Sunburn is caused by the damage to the DNA in the skin cells as a result of exposure to UV radiation. The skin's natural protective mechanisms, such as the production of melanin, can be overwhelmed by excessive UV exposure, leading to sunburn. Sunburn is not contagious and is not caused by poor hygiene.

Symptoms of sunburn may include red, painful skin that is warm to the touch, swelling, blistering, and peeling. Sunburn may also cause symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, and nausea. In severe cases, sunburn may cause dehydration and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Sunburn can be prevented by wearing protective clothing and using sunscreen with a high SPF (sun protection factor) when spending time outdoors, especially during peak UV hours, which are typically between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. It is also important to seek shade when the sun is strongest and to avoid tanning beds.

Treatment for sunburn involves measures to reduce the pain and inflammation associated with the condition. This may include the use of over-the-counter or prescription pain medications, creams or gels to reduce swelling and inflammation, and fluids to prevent dehydration. It is important to avoid further exposure to UV radiation while the skin is healing from sunburn.