Vitiligo
Vitiligo is a skin condition that causes the loss of pigment in the skin, resulting in white patches or spots. It is thought to be an autoimmune disorder, in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the cells that produce pigment in the skin. Vitiligo is not contagious and is not caused by poor hygiene.
Vitiligo may affect any area of the skin, but it is most commonly found on the face, neck, and hands. It may also affect the mucous membranes, such as the inside of the mouth and nose, and the retina of the eye. Vitiligo may be more noticeable in people with dark skin and may be more difficult to treat in these individuals.
Symptoms of vitiligo may include the presence of white patches or spots on the skin that are typically symmetrical and may be found on any area of the body. The patches or spots may be single or multiple and may range in size from small to large. Vitiligo may cause no symptoms at all, or it may be accompanied by itching or a burning sensation.
Treatment for vitiligo may involve the use of topical medications, such as corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors, or light therapy, such as PUVA or narrowband UVB. In some cases, a healthcare provider may recommend surgical treatments, such as skin grafting or pigment transplantation.
In addition to treatment, there are several steps you can take to help manage vitiligo:
Protect your skin from the sun by wearing protective clothing, such as a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses, and using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher
Avoid using harsh soaps or detergents that may irritate your skin
Use a mild moisturizer to help hydrate and protect your skin
Avoid scratching or picking at the affected areas, as this can cause infection or scarring
By following these precautions and seeking treatment as needed, you can help to manage vitiligo and reduce your risk of developing this type of skin condition. If you are concerned about vitiligo or have any other changes in your skin, it is important to see a healthcare provider for evaluation and treatment. Early detection and treatment can help to prevent the condition from worsening and may improve the chances of a successful outcome.